Diamond? What should you know and why?

Diamond is the second most stable form of carbon, after graphite. The diamond has the highest hardness and thermal conductivity of all materials known to humans.

These properties determine that the main industrial application of the diamond is in cutting and polishing tools in addition to other applications.

The diamond

It is one of the most precious minerals in the world for its physical and optical characteristics.

Due to its extremely rigid crystalline structure, it can be contaminated by few types of impurities, such as boron and nitrogen.

La mayoría de diamantes naturales se forman en condiciones de presión y temperatura extremas, existentes a profundidades de 140 km a 190 km en el manto terrestre.

Carbon-containing minerals provide the source of carbon, and growth takes place in periods of 1 to 3.3 billion years, which corresponds to approximately 25% to 75% of the Earth's age.

It is carried near the Earth's surface through deep volcanic eruptions by a magma, which is cooled in known igneous rocks.
An alternative, and completely different technique, is chemical vapor deposition. They have developed special gemological techniques to distinguish synthetic and natural diamonds, and diamond simulants.

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